- by Dr. Steve Gandy, CFSP
- Tuesday, August 15, 2023
- Functional Safety
The Importance Of Considering Common Cause with Redundant Systems
Common Cause is one of those variables that is not always considered important when it comes to SIL compliance. And yet, for redundant systems, it can have a significant impact on the PFDavg and Risk Reduction achieved (in Low Demand mode) or PFH (in high or continuous mode). Most of the…
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- by Iwan van Beurden, CFSE
- Tuesday, June 14, 2016
- Software
The Meaning of Tool Integration
What does tool integration mean? One can argue it is the ability for different tools to talk to each other and exchange data. Though this may be true from a typical software tool integration, a common definition of integrate, i.e. to bring together or incorporate (parts) into a whole…
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- by Dr. William Goble, CFSE
- Wednesday, February 27, 2013
- Software
The Real PFDavg Variables
I was recently asked how the PFDavg value in an exida FMEDA report was calculated. Those PFDavg values are calculated using the exSILentiaTM program. The person who posed the question was using the equations from Part 6 of IEC 61508 and got a different value. Why?
exSILentia…
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- by Iwan van Beurden, CFSE
- Thursday, February 26, 2015
- Software
Using the PHAx™ Libraries

Conducting a Process Hazard Analysis (PHA) can be quite laborious. In a HAZOP, you will systematically evaluate the applicable deviations for each node, within each unit, within each plant. The exSILentia® v4 PHAx™ module is setup to use…
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- by John Yozallinas, CFSE
- Thursday, October 26, 2017
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What do you need to know about traceability for IEC 61508?
Traceability is about connecting the dots to determine that the web of activities for a functional safety project have followed the proper paths. Think of it like cheating at hide-n-seek; it provides a shortcut to find all those requirements and design parts that are hidden in your specification documents. …
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