- by Michael Medoff , CFSE, CISA
- Thursday, October 29, 2020
- Industrial Cybersecurity
IEC 62443 Cybersecurity Certification for Medical Devices
exida has traditionally been involved in industries such as oil and gas, chemicals, power generation and automotive. While these are a diverse set of industries, many of the techniques that we use such as FMEDA (Failure Modes Effects and Diagnostic Analysis), Risk Assessment, Threat Modelling, etc.…
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- by Dave Johnson, CFSE
- Tuesday, October 20, 2020
- Industrial Cybersecurity
Block that attack! Getting IEC 62443 Cyber Certified (Part 1)
This is the next in a series of blogs and papers on the benefits of cyber certification. Certification provides you with the opportunity to work with an experienced cyber team here at exida, and the vast knowledge of cyber experts worldwide codified in the IEC 62443 family of…
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- by Paul Chan, CFSP
- Tuesday, October 13, 2020
- Functional Safety
How the PHA and LOPA are going to affect your SIS

Both Process Safety Analysis (PHA) and Layer of Protection Analysis (LOPA) occur in the early stage of the Functional Safety Lifecycle, detailed in both IEC 61511 and IEC 61508. They both serve significant roles in the whole process safety management. Yet, as a facilitator…
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- by Todd Stauffer
- Tuesday, October 06, 2020
- Alarm Management
Alarm System Auditing and Enforcement – The Why and the How
One of the more important tasks in the alarm management lifecycle is auditing of the alarm system configuration. Auditing preserves your investment in rationalization, checks for changes that bypassed the MOC process, and helps you to maintain the integrity of the alarm system. Oh, and it also required per…
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- by John Yozallinas, CFSE
- Thursday, September 24, 2020
- Functional Safety
Share the Wealth (of Functional Safety Knowledge)
Experience is a good teacher. But how do you get the experience?
Formal classroom or online training is often available for more general skills, but on-the-job training usually provides a more in-depth path to gain such experience. After doing a job for a while, working through difficulties with colleagues,…
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- by Todd Stauffer
- Thursday, September 03, 2020
- Alarm Management
Safety Alarms and Why ISA-84.91.03 is Needed
On July 27, the US Chemical Safety Board (CSB) issued a Factual Update on their investigation into a release of water containing a toxic gas (hydrogen sulfide) and subsequent fatal injuries sustained at the Aghorn Operating Waterflood Station. While it is typically not a good idea to comment on investigations…
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- by Mark Kozub
- Thursday, August 20, 2020
- Functional Safety
IEC 62061 Machine Safety: “It’s simply the right thing to do”
I can't begin to tell you how many of our customers share with us how lucky they have been to be incident-free at their plant.
Or, because they have not had an incident in over 10 years, it is hard to justify the cost of a Machine Hazard…
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- by Loren Stewart, CFSE
- Tuesday, August 18, 2020
- Functional Safety
Back to Basics: Failure Rates - λS
The Greek symbol λS represents safe or spurious failure rates in functional safety expressed in the unit of measurement of FITs which can be determined through FMEDAs. (FITs (λ) are failures per billion hours, expressed by 10-9 hours).

λS is the number of safe…
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- by Steve Gandy, CFSP
- Thursday, August 13, 2020
- Functional Safety
IEC61511 and Failure Rates
Most end users I teach in our FSE100 class are not really aware of or fully, understand when we talk about failure rates. For example, what’s a FIT mean? For those end users more versed in this, they understand what is meant by a FIT. Essentially a device can have…
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- by Dave Johnson, CFSE
- Tuesday, July 28, 2020
- Industrial Cybersecurity
Block that attack! Get Certified!
This is the first in a series of blogs and papers on the benefits of cyber certification. Certification provides you with the opportunity to work with an experienced cyber team here at exida,. It also allows you to gain access to our network of cyber experts worldwide codified…
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- by Steve Gandy, CFSP
- Tuesday, July 14, 2020
- Functional Safety
Functional Safety Management Systems & Engineering Companies
In recent discussions with several engineering and integrators of Safety Instrumented Systems (SIS), it’s become very clear to me that the majority I have spoken to, don’t have any form of Functional Safety Management System (FSMS) in place. This is interesting because one of the changes in the…
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- by Dr. William Goble, CFSE
- Tuesday, July 07, 2020
- Functional Safety
OLD component data = Bad FMEDAs
When we first invented the FMEDA technique in the late 1980s the biggest problem was the component failure rate and failure mode data. Still is. I picked up a well-known standard for component failure rates and saw a date of 2010. The technology world has gone through an order of…
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- by Loren Stewart, CFSE
- Tuesday, June 30, 2020
- Functional Safety
Back to Basics: Failure Rates - λDD
The Greek symbol λDD is the detectable dangerous failure rate in functional safety expressed in the unit of measurement of FITs which can be determined through FMEDAs. (FITs (λ) are failures per billion hours, expressed by 10-9 hours).

λDD is the number of…
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- by Dr. William Goble, CFSE
- Tuesday, June 23, 2020
- Functional Safety
Risk Management in the News
I just read a great article in the May issue of IEEE Spectrum magazine called “Managing Risk and Responsibility During a Crisis.” The author Robert N. Charette says “If the American people desire the federal government to be their risk manager of first resort, then an open and…
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